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(astronomy) Venus

No•gah is the second farthest planet from earth after Mercury (Ko•chav Cha•ma). It is the brightest planet in our Solar System after the sun and moon. No•gah was associated with the female Babylonian goddess, Ishtar, and this is the source of the English name ‘star.’...

(astronomy) Jupiter

Jupiter, the largest of the Solar System planets, is called in Hebrew ‘Tze•dek,’ which means ‘justice’. The name Tze•dek appears in the Old Testament, but not in reference to the planet, although this visible planet was known in the Biblical era. It is...

(astronomy) Mercury

The planet Mercury is the closest to the sun and thereby receives its name from this proximity: Ko•chav Cha•ma, ‘The Sun’s Planet.’ The word ‘cha•ma’ is the literary name of the sun. The Latin name, Mercury, comes from a Roman god. The planets were...

moon

Unlike most of the Solar System planets, the word ya•re•ach appears in the Bible as moon, and it means the same today. “The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and the awesome day of the Lord come” (Joel 3:4). (In...

(astronomy) fixed star

The planets were roughly divided in ancient times (and nowadays by the IAU, the International Astronomical Union) into two types: the Fixed stars and the Moving stars. The Fixed Stars are called in plural Koch•vey She•vet. The singular is today’s word: Ko•chav...